The attack on the judiciary during the pandemic

In this article I will analyse the impact that from my point of view the legislation dictated during the pandemic has had on the normal functioning of the judiciary, I will refer to how the necessary separation and division between the separate branches of the State has been altered, and I will recount how the system of checks and balance inherent in a social and democratic state of law has been disturbed. I will also describe the impact on our social and democratic State of Law, which carries the principle of separation and division of powers and the existence of a regime of checks and balances between the different branches of the State has had Royal Decree 463/2020, of March 14, which declared the state of alarm for the management of the health crisis caused by COVID-19 that meant the interruption of the normal functioning of the judiciary during the state of alarm, and, of Law 3/2020, of September 18, on procedural and organizational measures to deal with Covid-19 in the field of the administration of justice that established an unconstitutional conmixture between the Executive Power and the Judiciary.

Business and Human Rights in Asia: Duty of the State to Protect

This book examines the State's duty to protect human rights in Asia amidst rising concern over the human rights impact of business organisations in the region, a topic which has hitherto been understudied. It analyses a range of inter-connected issues: the advent of international standards, the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, the challenges inherent in the formulation of National Action Plans on business and human rights, the need for improved legislation and policies, access to remedies, and conflicts with indigenous peoples over business activities. The book also covers innovative themes such as BHR in the era of smart cities, ethical consumer behavior, and a human rights management system, which are emerging areas of enquiry in this field concluding with a range of critical issues to be addressed, including the need for an assessment of COVID-19 pandemic's impact on BHR in Asia and beyond. This book is part of Asia Centre's exploration of the nascent regional human rights architecture that is facing significant obstacles in protecting human rights and showcases the progress achieved and the ongoing challenges across Asia. © Asia Centre 2021.

Ayurvedic and Other Herbal Remedies for Dengue: An Update

Dengue fever is a flu-like ailment propagated by female mosquitos of the Aedes aegypti species. It is also known as dandaka jwara in Ayurveda. It is most common in the world's subtropical and tropical climate zones. Vomiting, severe headache, nausea, rashes, joint pain, pain behind the eyes, muscle pain, and swollen glands are all common dengue symptoms. If not handled promptly, these symptoms can lead to more severe issues such as exhaustion, blood in the vomit, continuous vomiting, bleeding gums, restlessness, severe abdominal pain, and rapid bleeding. Because there is no specific medication for dengue fever, the disease is treated by eliminating and managing the symptoms. Fortunately, there are a variety of ayurvedic remedies (like Carica papaya L., Cissampelos pareira L., etc.) that can help to tackle the same by strengthening the immune system and controlling hyperthermia. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of dengue virus infections, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, mitigation, and treatments, focusing on ayurvedic and herbal remedies.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s)

Effects of Active Compounds of Nigella sativa in COVID-19: A Narrative Review.

BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 infection that led to the COVID-19 pandemic has changed human health and the economy globally. SARS CoV-2 is a type of Coronaviruses that has caused pneumonia and its complications with many deaths over the past two years. The use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine, accepted as generally safe for patients with autoimmune diseases or malaria, was attempted in many trials for COVID-19 treatment. Nigella sativa (NS) (black caraway, also known as black cumin, nigella or Kalonji) is an annual flowering plant of the Ranunculaceae family, chemically composed of the main constituent natural Thymoquinone (TQ) (30%- 48%) in forms of thymohydroquinone, dithymoquinone (Nigellone) is a native to wider regions, including parts of eastern Europe, west Asia, North of Africa and east of Myanmar. In this review, we explored the Randomized Controlled Trial, Controlled Trial, and Systematic review studies that support Nigella sativa Thymoquinone-targeted SARS-CoV-2 targeting. Therefore, A literature search was performed for publications published on the electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, and Google Scholar) for Nigella sativa, black seeds, Kalonji, coronavirus, SARS-CoV -2 and COVID-19. This review aimed to find relevant evidence of Nigella sativa preferences as a natural feasible remedy with no side effects in COVID-19. Studies reported the benefits of NS as beneficial, another appropriate remedy for patients with COVID-19. However, all studies have shown limitations, such as limiting clinical symptom outcomes due to regulations imposed by isolation policies and lack of adequate funding. Therefore, the evidence suggests that the chemical contents of NS are a safe and possible treatment for COVID-19 patients that helps to improve COVID-19 infection in patients with no side effects. CONCLUSION: Nigella sativa seeds were one of the well-documented herbal products. Three reviewed randomized controlled trials reported that NS reduced covid-19 risk and could improve immune function. It was also helpful in upper respiratory infections such as asthma and bronchitis, with one RCT showing that honey and NS significantly improved symptoms, viral clearance, and mortality of COVID-19 patients. This review concludes that NS has a positive barrier effect on people at risk of acquiring a COVID-19 infection.

Traditional Chinese Medicine as the preventive and therapeutic remedy for COVID-19.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic still has tremendous impacts on the global socio-economy and quality of living. The traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) approach showed encouraging results during previous outbreaks of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV). With limited treatment availability, TCM herbs and formulations could be viable to reduce COVID-19 symptoms and potential sources for discovering novel therapeutic targets. We reviewed 12 TCM herbs and formulations recommended for COVID-19 management by the National Health Commission and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the People's Republic of China. This article explored the Chinese national authorities' guidelines from 2003 to 2020, the scientific data in public databases for the recommended TCM remedies, and their potential mechanistic actions in COVID-19 management. Several TCM herbs and formulations could potentially benefit COVID-19 management. The recommended TCM oral preparations list are Huoxiang zhengqi, Jinhua Qinggan, Lianhua Qingwen, and Shufeng jiedu; the recommended injection preparations comprise Xiyanping Xuebijing, Re-Du-Ning, Tanreqing, Xingnaojing, Shenfu, Shengmai, and Shenmai. TCM remedies are viable options for symptom alleviation and management of COVID-19. The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic presents an opportunity to find novel therapeutic targets from TCM-active ingredients. Despite the recommendations in Chinese National guidelines, these remedies warrant further assessments in well-designed clinical trials for their efficacies in COVID-19.

Oxygen Therapy and Associated Risk Factors for Home Isolated COVID-19 Patients: A Review

During the second wave of the viral pandemic, hospitals were overcrowded by the escalation of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) cases. To effectively address the drastic escalation of the COVID-19 pandemic, innovative solutions are warranted. The rising demand for critical-care services burdens hospitals;hence, to alleviate the burden on the healthcare system, asymptomatic patients or those with mild symptoms can be treated at home through continuous monitoring and care. Affected patients are at risk of hypoxia, which urgently requires oxygen therapy. Depending on the extent of oxygen demand, patients can boost their oxygen levels by making use of a nasal cannula, face mask, oxygen cylinder, and/or oxygen concentrator. Several risk factors are associated with the augmented probability of COVID-19 progression to severe status due to increased oxygen requirement, and they include advanced age, obesity, glucose intolerance, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. A close monitoring of oxygen saturation (SpO2) along with other clinical investigations like complete and differential blood counts, serum electrolytes, random blood sugar, liver function tests, coagulation profile (Prothrombin Time (PT), activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) and International Normalized Ratio (INR)), renal function test, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer and ferritin level are mandatory for patients receiving home-based oxygen therapy. An awareness of safety considerations such as perfectly fitting, proper sized mask, availability of ventilation, knowledge of caregiver about danger signs and good functioning of fire alarm system at home are of prime importance before setting up oxygenation devices at home, and this further mandates a comprehensive evaluation of home-based management and treatment of mildly symptomatic patients with COVID-19. Copyright © 2023 Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. All rights reserved.

Evaluation of a series of nucleoside analogs as effective anticoronaviral-2 drugs against the Omicron-B.1.1.529/BA.2 subvariant: A repurposing research study.

Mysterious evolution of a new strain of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the Omicron variant, led to a new challenge in the persistent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) battle. Objecting the conserved SARS-CoV-2 enzymes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and 3'-to-5' exoribonuclease (ExoN) together using one ligand is a successful new tactic to stop SARS-CoV-2 multiplication and COVID-19 progression. The current comprehensive study investigated most nucleoside analogs (NAs) libraries, searching for the most ideal drug candidates expectedly able to act through this double tactic. Gradual computational filtration afforded six different promising NAs, riboprine/forodesine/tecadenoson/nelarabine/vidarabine/maribavir. Further biological assessment proved that riboprine and forodesine are able to powerfully inhibit the replication of the new virulent strains of SARS-CoV-2 with extremely minute in vitro anti-RdRp and anti-SARS-CoV-2 EC50 values of about 0.21 and 0.45 µM for riboprine and about 0.23 and 0.70 µM for forodesine, respectively, surpassing both remdesivir and the new anti-COVID-19 drug molnupiravir. These biochemical findings were supported by the prior in silico data. Additionally, the ideal pharmacophoric features of riboprine and forodesine molecules render them typical dual-action inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 replication and proofreading. These findings suggest that riboprine and forodesine could serve as prospective lead compounds against COVID-19. Graphical abstract.

Home Remedies as Agency in the Face of COVID-19 in Zimbabwe

Research questions: Why have Zimbabweans relied on home remedies during COVID-19? What are some of these remedies? How are they used? How are they received by the people comparative to medical and scientific approaches? Purpose of the study and methods used: Using narratives from below obtained from repeated conversations with 10 people as well as extensive social media observation spanning a year, this article explores Zimbabweans’ use of home remedies during COVID-19. Findings: It finds that home remedies (the most fashionable being steaming and Zumbani tea) are used simultaneously with western medicines. This is amid a hopeless health system, a ravaging and incurable pandemic, growing distrust of western institutions and vaccines, and the need to be mobile in daily livelihood activities performed in a distressed economy. These home practices are criticized by people demanding respect for the severity of COVID-19 who reproof “unscientific” grassroots practices, conversations, and conspiracies on the pandemic. Nevertheless, equally observable are daily testimonies of victory, healing, and hope. Conclusion: The study concludes that home remedies are used in Zimbabwe as a form of agency to respond to the uncertainty brought by COVID-19.

A Theory of Frustration and Its Effect.

One of the key legal questions that COVID-19 has raised relates to the status of the traditional contractual doctrine of frustration. The pandemic and the ongoing lockdowns across the globe have made it difficult for many contracts to perform. At the same time, there is a deep doctrinal and conceptual confusion with respect to the very essentials of this doctrine and its remedy - i.e., what happens after an adjudicative tribunal declares that a given contract has been frustrated. The paper offers a unified conceptual account of the frustration doctrine and claims that both the doctrine and its remedy crystallize a single unifying idea.

Yoga The Saviour From Mental Sickness

COVID - 19 pandemic has brought many problems after recovery. The problems ranges from body functions to all other small issues related to health. But the major impact of COVID - 19 has been on mental health resulting into suicidal tendencies in many patients. Due to lockdown in many parts of country, people have been in their home for a major part of time which has resulted into changes in their mental condition. Socializing has been minimal and going out to work also was hampered due to work from home. In January 2021, 41% adults have been reported with problems of mental fatigue. The efficiency has come down, the outcome of work has been to 80% - 85%, business has gone down because of less innovation and creativeness ability and other related problems. Yoga is giving an impetus to life for many, so to cope up with mental problems the various asanas is providing remedies which will be effective for the entire life. The asanas are being promoted by many yoga experts. The various recommended asanas will provide support to patients having mental problems which are very simple. The yoga guru send a message that if the asanas are done regularly and systematically to get relieved from many different ailment. If the recommended asanas are performed each day it will lead to a better life even if you are suffering from any long term ailment. In this article few postures (asana's) which can be performed at any time in the day but early morning will always be preferred (empty stomach) to get good result. All the asanas should be performed in presence of a trained person after due consultation with your physician. © The Electrochemical Society

Electro-Homeopathy based COVID-19 Safe-home Medical Management Study

In the middle of April 2021, the infection rate due to 2nd wave of COVID-19 attained a peak alarming level. Total COVID-19 hospital accommodation became inadequate with respect to the demand of COVID-19 patients. Several unused schools, community halls and auditoriums were converted to safe-homes for COVID-19 patients and home isolated accommodations. Two local clubs at Salt Lake, Sector 4, Kolkata was collaborated to run a COVID-19 Safe-home at Basanti Devi Vidyapith, Basanti Devi colony, at the beginning of May 2021. On behalf of the coordinators, a few Electro-Homeopathy (EH) practitioners were voluntarily engaged themselves to look after the patients. A complete report on the successful management of COVID-19 patients using Electro-Homeopathy treatment has been presented here in details. The efficacy of Electro-Homeopathy for COVID-19 treatment and in-depth details of the philosophy of EH along with EH treatment methodology has been discussed. © 2022, Informatics Publishing Limited. All rights reserved.

Ayurvedic and Other Herbal Remedies For Dengue: An Update

Dengue fever is a flu-like ailment propagated by female mosquitos of the Aedes aegypti species. It is also known as dandaka jwara in Ayurveda. It is most common in the world's subtropical and tropical climate zones. Vomiting, severe headache, nausea, rashes, joint pain, pain behind the eyes, muscle pain, and swollen glands are all common dengue symptoms. If not handled promptly, these symptoms can lead to more severe issues such as exhaustion, blood in the vomit, continuous vomiting, bleeding gums, restlessness, severe abdominal pain, and rapid bleeding. Because there is no specific medication for dengue fever, the disease is treated by eliminating and managing the symptoms. Fortunately, there are a variety of ayurvedic remedies (like Carica papaya L., Cissampelos pareira L., etc) that can help to tackle the same by strengthening the immune system and controlling hyperthermia. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of dengue virus infections, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, mitigation, and treatments, focusing on ayurvedic and herbal remedies.

Computational Investigation on Natural Quinazoline Alkaloids as Potential Inhibitors of the Main Protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2

Drug discovery is still behind in the race compared to vaccine discovery in fighting COVID-19. In this study, we have selected 41 quinazoline alkaloids from two natural product databases to create an adequate library and performed detailed computational studies against the main protease ( M pro ) of SARS-CoV-2 using two reference compounds, namely famotidine and X77. The screening of the library was carried out by blending the rigid docking and pharmacokinetic analysis that resulted in nine alkaloids as initial leads against M pro . These initial leads were further subjected to advanced flexible docking and were compared with reference compounds (famotidine and X77) for the analysis of structure-based interactions. For further selection, a second screening was carried out based on binding energies and interaction profiles that yielded three alkaloids, namely CNP0416047, 3-hydroxy anisotine and anisotine as final leads. The stereo-electronic features of lead alkaloids were further investigated through additional E-pharmacophore mapping against crystallized X77 reference compound. Additionally, the reactivity of lead alkaloids at the binding sites of the protein was estimated by measuring the electron distribution on the frontier molecular orbitals and HOMO–LUMO band energies. Finally, the stabilities of complexes between lead alkaloids with the protein were accessed extensively using robust molecular dynamics simulation through RMSD, RMSF, Rg and MM-PBSA calculation. Thus, this study identifies three natural quinazoline alkaloids as potential lead inhibitors of M pro through extensive computational analysis. This study performed a full-scale in silico investigations on natural quinazoline alkaloids against the main protease (MPro) of SARS_CoV_2 by examining forty one natural quinazoline alkaloids and identified three alkaloids (CNP0416047, 3-hydroxy anisotine and anisotine) as final lead compounds. The screening and structure-based analysis of these ligands were carried out by blending different computational techniques such as rigid docking, pharmacokinetics, flexible docking, E-pharmacophore mapping, DFT studies and MD simulations. Mostly, this study added values to quinazoline alkaloids which are fascinating natural pharmacophores and opened the possibilities of in vitro studies of these hit alkaloids in future. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Computational Biophysics & Chemistry is the property of World Scientific Publishing Company and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Andrographolide: A Herbal-Chemosynthetic Approach for Enhancing Immunity, Combating Viral Infections, and Its Implication on Human Health.

Plants consistently synthesize and accumulate medically valuable secondary metabolites which can be isolated and clinically tested under in vitro conditions. An advancement with such important phytochemical production has been recognized and utilized as herbal drugs. Bioactive andrographolide (AGL; C20H30O5) isolated from Andrographis paniculate (AP) (Kalmegh) is a diterpenoid lactones having multifunctional medicinal properties including anti-manic, anti-inflammatory, liver, and lung protective. AGL is known for its immunostimulant activity against a variety of microbial infections thereby, regulating classical and alternative macrophage activation, Ag-specific antibody production during immune disorder therapy. In vitro studies with AGL found it to be effective against multiple tumors, neuronal disorders, diabetes, pneumonia, fibrosis, and other diverse therapeutic misadventures. Generally, virus-based diseases like ZIKA, influenza A virus subtype (H1NI), Ebola (EBOV), Dengue (DENV), and coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics have greatly increased scientific interest and demands to develop more effective and economical immunomodulating drugs with minimal side effects. Trials and in vitro pharmacological studies with AGL and medicinally beneficial herbs might contribute to benefit the human population without using chemical-based synthetic drugs. In this review, we have discussed the possible role of AGL as a promising herbal-chemo remedy during human diseases, viral infections and as an immunity booster.

Natural Products, Alone or in Combination with FDA-Approved Drugs, to Treat COVID-19 and Lung Cancer.

As a public health emergency of international concern, the highly contagious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been identified as a severe threat to the lives of billions of individuals. Lung cancer, a malignant tumor with the highest mortality rate, has brought significant challenges to both human health and economic development. Natural products may play a pivotal role in treating lung diseases. We reviewed published studies relating to natural products, used alone or in combination with US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs, active against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and lung cancer from 1 January 2020 to 31 May 2021. A wide range of natural products can be considered promising anti-COVID-19 or anti-lung cancer agents have gained widespread attention, including natural products as monotherapy for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (ginkgolic acid, shiraiachrome A, resveratrol, and baicalein) or lung cancer (daurisoline, graveospene A, deguelin, and erianin) or in combination with FDA-approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents (cepharanthine plus nelfinavir, linoleic acid plus remdesivir) and anti-lung cancer agents (curcumin and cisplatin, celastrol and gefitinib). Natural products have demonstrated potential value and with the assistance of nanotechnology, combination drug therapies, and the codrug strategy, this "natural remedy" could serve as a starting point for further drug development in treating these lung diseases.